I need some assistance with these assignment. dividend policy theories Thank you in advance for the help! The 1970s was the decade of the two great oil price shocks (1973 and 1979/80) that were to have serious effects on the world’s economies. It was also a decade when the major oil companies saw a decisive change in their old concessionary relationships. Like its major competitors, BP lost direct access to most of its supplies of OPEC oil as the OPEC countries took control of production and prices.
The 1973 price explosion had a dramatic effect on demand. BP’s oil sales started falling for the first time since 1952 (with the exception of 1957, the year of the Suez crisis). By 1978, sales had recovered somewhat. but then came the Iranian revolution and another major rise in the price of oil. In 1979, BP suffered further blows when its assets in Nigeria were nationalized and its supplies from Kuwait cut back. By 1980, its sales were down again.
The entire oil industry was affected by the events of the 1970s. But thanks to BP’s large investment program in areas outside the Middle East, the company showed, as it had done in Iran in 1951 that it could survive. As noted, of key importance were the developments of its oilfield discoveries in the North Sea and Alaska. In the autumn of 1975, BP pumped ashore the first oil from the North Sea’s UK sector when it brought the Forties field on stream. This field development was financed by a bank loan of 370 million, then the largest wholly-private bank advance ever arranged. At its peak, the Forties produced half a million barrels a day, equivalent to one-quarter of the UK’s daily oil requirement.
Today, BP’s other oil- and gas-producing countries include Abu Dhabi, Australia, Colombia, Norway, and Papua New Guinea
The spirit of enterprise continues (the mid-1970s – today)
The upheavals of the 1970s led BP to conclude that it should broaden its activities so that it could operate in the future with more balanced sources of income. Accordingly, from the mid-1970s there was increased emphasis on diversification into new areas of activity.
BP’s entry into the nutrition business originated in the 1950s when the company’s French researchers began to develop a process for converting oil into protein. Although the process was later discarded, BP developed other interests in nutrition. From the mid-1970s, it became involved in animal feed, animal breeding, and consumer foods and related products. As a result of the purchase in 1986 of the US company, Purina Mills, BP Nutrition became one of the world’s largest feed millers. In 1990, it also took responsibility for BP’s household cleaning and personal care products — successors of the old detergents business.
Another industry which BP entered in the mid-1970s was minerals. BP expanded its minerals interests considerably in 1980, when, in what was then the London stock market’s largest-ever takeover bid, it bought Selection Trust, the British-based mining finance house. In the following year, Standard Oil acquired Kennecott, America’s largest copper producer and a major force in other metals.
