Step 1: Allocate Costs
You have been asked to look at production options for the Android01 since production methods and allocation of costs have implications for cost-per-unit. There are two alternative methods of production being considered. Begin by gathering data (using financial information in decision making), then answer various questions to determine the suitability of the project.
Production A
Costs are as follows:
Production B
In an alternative production method, the production of Android01 will share some production facilities and service divisions with Processor01. Fixed costs are $5 million per year, and are to be assigned at the rate of 30 percent to Android01 and 70 percent to Processor01.
The variable cost of the production facilities and service divisions is $20 million per year. The square footage of factory space and labor needed for the production of 500 units of Processor01 and 300 units of Android01 are listed below.
Sq. Ft.
Labor
Processor01 (500 units)
70,000
120
Android01 (300 units)
30,000
80
The remaining cost for the production of Android01 is for components, at $25,000 per unit.
Question 1: In Method B, what would be the cost-per-unit of producing Android01 using factory space as the allocation basis? What would be the cost-per-unit using labor as the allocation basis?
Be sure to show your calculations in Excel and provide a narrative summarizing the results of your analysis and make recommendations for the benefit of company.
Markup Pricing
Suppose IPS uses markup pricing for Android01. Fixed costs are $4.5 million, and for a level of production of 300 units, the variable cost-per-unit is $48,000.
Question 3: What is the price of the Android01 at 30 percent markup over full cost?
Be sure to show your calculations in an Excel spreadsheet. Your narrative analysis should summarize the results of your analysis and make recommendations for the benefit of company.
Choose the Profit-Maximizing Output Level
The CEO’s next question is, “What level of output would be required to maximize our profit on the Android01?” You have calculated the variable cost-per-unit for different levels of production. From market research, you have a schedule of prices for these levels. The information is summarized in the table below:
Number of Units
Variable Cost-per-Unit ($)
Sale Price-per-Unit ($)
200
60,000
70,000
250
54,000
66,000
300
48,000
64,000
350
46,000
59,000
400
45,000
52,000
A recommendation on output could affect everyone in the company, from management to sales, to the floor manager and assembly line workers! You don’t want to get this one wrong so you take some extra time to proof your calculations.
Question 4: Based on profit-maximization analysis, what level of output should you recommend to the CEO?
Be sure to show your calculations in Excel and summarize the results of your analysis and make recommendations for the benefit of the company.
Budget
Your CEO has asked you to prepare a production cost budget for the MiniY for May 20X8. The actual costs in April 20X8 were:
MiniY: Production Cost Budget
April 20X8
Production–Units of MiniY
3,000
Components cost (variable)
24,000,000
Labor cost (variable)
13,500,000
Rent (fixed)
6,000,000
Depreciation (fixed)
6,000,000
Other (fixed)
2,000,000
Total
$51,500,000
For the month of May, the number of MiniY produced will increase to 3,200, reflecting an anticipated sales increase related to a new marketing campaign.
Question 5: Using the above information, prepare a budget for May 20X8 stating the total cost. Use a spreadsheet to display your data and calculations.
Be sure to show Production Cost Budget Report and Calculations in Excel and provide a narrative analysis summarizing the results of your analysis and make recommendations for the benefit of company.
Profit or Loss
IPS operates a factory which produces the MiniY and the MiniX. During September 20X8, the factory produced 500 units of MiniY and 600 units of MiniX. The joint cost related to the operation was $3,000,000. MiniX sells for $3,500 per unit and MiniY sells for $3,800 per unit. Allocate the joint costs (production cost allocation) using the relative sales values of MiniY and MiniX. You hope you can prove that the MiniX is profitable, but you also recognize that numbers don’t lie!
Question 6: With the costs that you calculate, what is the profit or loss associated with MiniX?
Be sure to show your Profit or Loss Report and Calculations in Excel and provide a narrative analysis summarizing the results of your analysis and make recommendations for the benefit of the company.
Present Financial Projections
Although you get frustrated at times with your CEO’s constant requests for information, it is your job as a CFO to analyze that data for her. You both understand that data provides a basis for sound operational decision-making (integrating accounting and financial information). The CEO’s final request is for an analysis and summary of financial projections for the Mini and Android lines.
