FOR EACH LECTURE/READING TOPIC: As you review your notes, ask yourself the following questions:
1. Why did this happen? What are the factors that explain it?
2. What is the time period and chronology of events?
a. What occurred prior to this that enabled this to take place?
b. What else is happening in this time period? Are they related in any way?
2. Who are the key players? What did they have in common? What were their unique contributions (Concepts or actions)?
3. What are the key events, and why are they important?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (10 pts. each, 50 pts. total): You will choose 5 (out of 10) short answer questions to answer. The questions will be drawn from the key players, organizations and events for each essay topic below. Short answer questions ask you to identify a person, event, or organization, and explain its historical significance. Short answers do not need to be more than a paragraph each, but they should answer the reporter’s questions: Who? What? Where? When? Why is it important? For people and organizations, identify at least the decade(s) in which they were influential; for events, specify the year.
ESSAY QUESTIONS (50 pts.): Two out of the four possible essay questions below will appear on your exam. You will choose one essay (out of two) to write. Essays should be well organized, with an introduction that briefly states your thesis (i.e., your answer to the question), specific historical evidence to support your arguments, and a conclusion. Be sure to define your terms – for example, if you are writing an essay on Populism, you should explain what Populism means. Also, anticipate possible objections to your argument.
1. Compare and contrast the status and treatment of African Americans and Native Americans in the late nineteenth century. Discuss both popular attitudes and the laws and policies of the federal government as evidence to support your answer.
2. Discuss the creation of large-scale industries in the late nineteenth century. How did Rockefeller, Carnegie and others use capital, labor, technology, and other resources to build their firms? What were the major consequences of this industrialization?
3. Discuss the causes and consequences of immigration in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Why and how did millions of immigrants come to the U.S.? Did they find what they came for? How did the U.S. respond to this influx?
4. How successful was the Populist movement in the 1890s? Discuss the specific grievances of the farmers, and explain how they tried to address those problems. To what extent did they succeed in getting their proposed reforms enacted and their candidates elected?
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