Chapter 5 discusses decision making using system modeling. The author briefly mentions an open source software tool, EMA Workbench, that can perform EMA and ESDMA modeling. Find EMA Workbench online and go to their main website (not the GitHub download site). Then do the following:
1) Under documentation, go to the Tutorials page.
2) Read through the Simple Model (in your chosen environment), and the Mexican Flu example.
3) Decide how you could use this software to create a model to help in developing a policy for a Smart City.
To complete this assignment, you must do the following:
A) Create a new thread. As indicated above, explain how you could use the EMA Workbench software to develop a model to help create a policy for a Smart City. Explain what policy you are trying to create (i.e. traffic light placement, surveillance camera coverage, taxi licenses issued, etc.), and what key features you would use in your model. Then, explain how EMA Workbench would help you. NOTE: keep your models and features simple. You don’t really need more than 2 or 3 features to make your point here.
B) Select AT LEAST 3 other students’ threads and post substantive comments on those threads. Your comments should extend the conversation started with the thread. Below are three threads that you need to comment
Thread 1)
The EMA Workbench software to develop a model to help create a policy for a Smart City and other community organizations to help plan, promote and implement the scheme. MRC’s model suggests that the EMA could create a smart city and that this model would work best if the council is committed to an EBM that covers the whole city without residents having to move. MRCs model outlines that a Smart City is defined as follows A Smart City is a community that has built its own governance and processes to allow the integration of data and information on a scale not seen since the 1970s, including a city with low unemployment, low crime, low poverty, and low social cohesion as well as the community that is able to plan, promote and implement its own Smart City strategy. The MRC estimates that a Smart City can be built in a quarter of the time it takes for new major development with an estimated cost of £1bn in the city. This would not only have a significant economic impact, but would also have an impact on public health, and make the whole city a safer place to live. To get involved in the Smart City Initiative, the EMA has a Smart City Initiatives group on Meetup.com’s international board. (Kwakkel, 2018).
Traffic Light Placement:
The problem of congestion may be reduced with the innovations, said the experts. The current plan includes a system of artificial intelligence in the traffic light and will enhance traffic flow by enabling a traffic management process to be carried out and, consequently, the control of traffic lights. A traffic signal system will also help to reduce the emissions of the traffic, which can lead to more efficient use of energy. (Walker, 2018)
Surveillance Camera Coverage:
The smart city in the model-based combination control, the smart city in the video-based combined decision support system, has a huge potential. The video-based combined decision support systems will be a key part of the smart city of the 21st century. There are already several examples of these combination control systems. As a result, these systems will be a step towards real-time monitoring, which can be used for real-time traffic control, monitoring of traffic congestion, or the monitoring of various aspects of traffic. (Walker, 2018)
Taxi Licenses Issued:
Taxi licenses issued the policy of the taxi bureau to which they belonged, according to an affidavit obtained by the newspaper. Citizenship and residency were checked during the background check. The documents provided by the company “confirms that the persons concerned are resident in Iran and that the persons are citizens of the Republic of Indonesia without a visa” according to the affidavit. (Agusdinata, 2018).
References:
Agusdinata, D. (2018). Exploratory Modeling and Analysis. A Promising Method to Deal with Deep Uncertainty. Phd dissertation, Delft University of Technology, Delft. 3, 4
Bankes, S., Kwakkel, J., & Walker, W. (2018). Exploratory Modeling and Analysis. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 3, 419-431.
Thread 2)
EMA Workbench
The idea of developing smart city needs high advanced technology and developments, otherwise, it is not possible to develop smart city. EMA workbench mainly concentrates on communication system which is very important for smart cities. People who are living in smart cities always want an effective communication system so they can go anywhere they want. EMA workbench. Therefore, this software model helps smart cities to connect every area to main location so people would not face any troubles during journey (Jaxa-Rozen, Kwakkel & Bloemendal, 2015). Traffic is another big issue which every city has always faced but when smart city is developing EMA workbench mainly concentrate on this issue. Generally, people in smart cities are very punctual so they always prefer to be on time everywhere so traffic might create cause for them. However, most of the time every smart city develop traffic rule and system based on EMA workbench. It mainly concentrates on emergency service in smart city. If somehow there is some accidents have happened on street then it would need first service to provide all types of medical facility.
Camera surveillance is another important thing in smart city because in smart city it is important that police will observe everything which is happening all over city So smart city builds camera surveillance all over city so law system can observe whole things which are being performed in city. In smart cities to control crime is very important because the main concept of smart city is that to build a city crime-free and this is possible when rules and regulations of this city must follow EMA workbench carefully (Fardbastani & Sharifi, 2019). It is not possible for more cities to convert into smart cities because there is so much crime is happening all over city which affects the whole atmosphere of a smart city. So whenever people pr government wants to build a smart city they much look after this important thing with help of EMA workbench.
Advantages of EMA Workbench
There are some other fields present in smart cities like technology, education research these all are very important in smart city otherwise there is no point of developing a smart city without this. EMA workbench is very helpful to develop latest technology in smart city because smart city is running based on technology and people who are living in smart city always prefer new technology and service because it makes their life more easier. Education is very important in smart cities and most time smart cities include latest process so children can learn better ways (Harmer & Henze, 2015). All schools and colleges follow all these techniques of smart city so they can teach students in better ways.
Research is very important process in smart cities because it helps city to make more improvements and update so people can make their life so much better. There are always some gaps remain in smart cities which is hard to resist. So researcher using EMA workbench software tool is various ways so they can find some other process to implement in smart city. It provides many technical facilities for all organizations and companies.
Thread 3)
EMA and ESDMA modeling
EMA is used while the information is available for exploitation though it is not much helpful for analyzing single models (Janssen, Wimmer & Deljoo, 2015). ESDMA explores various models and collaborated with EMA modeling to incorporate an effective policy for a situation. They help in removing complexities and structuring a situation to make the workflow in an organized manner. The uncertainties and assumptions are included in making a model. The problems are analyzed and resolved to implement a hazard-free policy. The modeling can be used to make strategies and implementation in a smart city structuration. Innovative technologies have to be implemented and automation has to be incorporated to make an efficient plan for developing a smart city.
Developing a policy for a Smart City
The EMA modeling system can be used to visualize a smart city model to understand the strategies of a smart city. Many charts and tables can be implemented to understand the mapping of a city. The budget can be drawn and the funds can be raised beforehand to make the project run successfully. The following steps and strategies have to be made for a smart city. Smart technologies and tools have to be used to make a city run on automatic techniques without much interference from human resources.
Implementing smart traffic lights
The traffic lights will assist in controlling the congestion on roads. There will be no need of traffic police to stand on roads and control the traffic and that can be automatically done by the traffic lights according tot he increasing and decreasing traffic. The signals must be visible to the drivers and penalization will be levied upon signal breakers. Unnecessary congestion due to vehicles can be minimized by such automatic lights (Marjuki, M. I., Yunus, S., & Ang, S. P. (2018). The drivers must be educated of the signaling of lights and one must understand the meaning of each color to drive safely on roads.
Installing CCTV cameras
These cameras help in surveying the roads and penalize the drivers that break the rules. Any problems on roads can be viewed by the officers sitting in their office and the problem can be easily resolved. Any driver exceeding the speed limit can be caught by the cameras and any illegal activity can also be judged with the help of camera surveillance. The camera must be modified so that it can even work in low light and harsh weather conditions (Llanza, Sanogo, Khata, Khalil, Shvai, Abul & Nakib, 2019). The image quality must be high resolution. The broken bridges and bad roads that need to be repaired can be visualized by higher authority.
Putting automatic signals on roads
These signals will raise alarm prior to a disaster so that the drivers can get alert and take the necessary precautions. Drivers driving at a higher speed limit will also be made aware of the speed breakers. The police officers will be aware of any accidents on roads and will get to know about the location of the mishap. The signals will be raised to ensure security to the drivers and passengers. Any breaking of law will be informed via these automatic signals. The automatic signals can also inform about any malfunction of the technology such as the traffic lights that require repairing.
