Exam
Any organism that causes disease is classified as a(n)
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pathogen.
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mechanical vector.
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antigen.
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biological vector.
2) Immunity that develops over time due to exposure to various antigens is termed
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adaptive immunity.
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innate immunity.
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coordinated immunity
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learned immunity.
3) The core of the immune system is made up of
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intact mucus membranes.
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intact skin.
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red blood cells.
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white blood cells.
4) The first barrier to invasion is
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antibody production.
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intact skin and body cavity linings.
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direct attack by white blood cells.
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development of memory cells.
5) All but which of the following can be called a pathogen?
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fungus
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fly
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virus
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bacterium
6) The production site for white blood cells is the
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spleen
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bone marrow.
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tonsils
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liver
7) Lymph nodes enlarge during an infection because
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they become infected.
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lymphocytes destroy invaders inside of them.
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they become clogged due to infections in the blood.
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the body produces double the amount of lymph.
8) T cells multiply and become specialized in the
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spleen.
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thymus.
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thyroid.
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bone marrow.
9) Which chemical released by white blood cells causes arterioles to dilate?
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complement
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histamine
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cytokines
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interferons
10) Fever develops when ____ stimulate the brain to release prostaglandins.
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histamines
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complement
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interferons
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cytokines
11) Skin is a component of which type of immunity?
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Adaptive
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Innate
12) Cells produced by dividing B or T cells may be set aside for future responses to threat. These cells ‘remember’ the pathogen and are called
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phagocytes.
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fibroblasts.
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effector cells.
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memory cells.
13) Which is the first antibody secreted during immune responses and the first one produced by newborns?
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IgD
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IgM
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IgA
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IgG
14) Which antibody is involved in allergic reaction?
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IgD
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IgM
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IgA
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IgE
15) Natural Killer cells are
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neutrophils
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present outside of the lymphatic system only.
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macrophages
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detect and kill virus-infected body cells.
16) Plasma cells come from
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T cells.
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macrophages.
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dendritic cells.
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B cells.
17) How many different ‘types’ of Antibodies are there in the human body?
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2
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5
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1
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4
18) The purpose of a booster shot is to
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counteract specific antigens in the system.
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elicit a secondary response to an antigen.
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elicit a primary response to an antigen.
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re-establish the formation of antibodies.
19) Passive immunization
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is used to prevent a person from becoming infected.
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causes antibody formation.
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is the same thing as immunotherapy.
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is the administration of already formed antibodies from another source.
20) What is the name given to the chemicals which disrupt viral replication?
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interferons
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lymphokines
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monoclonal antibodies
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vaccine
21) Which of the following act as “filters” in the lymph system?
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macrophages
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lymph nodes
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complements
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immunoglobulins
22) The largest lymphoid organ is the
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liver
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thymus
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tonsil
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spleen
23)
The lymph vascular system begins at
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the arterioles.
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the heart.
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the capillaries.
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the arteries.
24) Which characteristic(s) of urine help it to bar pathogens from the urinary tract?
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mucous production
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a high pH
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ammonia concentrations
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a low pH
25) Which chemical released by white blood cells causes capillaries to leak?
(1pts)
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complement
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interferons
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histamine
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cytokines
26) Which of the following would NOT be an action of the complement system?
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marking of pathogens for destruction by macrophages
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attraction of phagocytes to the scene of pathogen invasion
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trapping of pathogens in tangled protein threads
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lysis of a pathogen’s membrane
27) The markers that identify an individual’s cells are referred to as Major Histocompatibility complexes, what are the letters that represent this complex?
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RSW.
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ADS.
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HTC.
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MHC.
28) Which cells make you immune to a disease that you were previously exposed to?
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fibroblasts.
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phagocytes.
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effector cells.
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memory cells.
29) Antigen-presenting cells include
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monocytes, lymphocytes, and basophils.
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neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils
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macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells.
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lymphocytes, basophils, and neutrophils
30) What stimulates activation of B and T cells?
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lysozyme release
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cell recognition of an antigen
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production of complement
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histamine production
