Problem 1
All steel manufactured by Steelco must meet the following requirements: 3.2–3.5% carbon; 1.8–2.5% silicon; 0.9–1.2% nickel; tensile strength of at least 45,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Steelco manufactures steel by combining two alloys. The cost and properties of each alloy are given in Table.
|
Alloy 1 |
Alloy 2 |
|
|
Cost per ton ($) |
$190 |
$200 |
|
Percent silicon |
2 |
2.5 |
|
Percent nickel |
1 |
1.5 |
|
Percent carbon |
3 |
4 |
|
Tensile strength (psi) |
42,000 |
50,000 |
Assume that the tensile strength of a mixture of the two alloys can be determined by averaging that of the alloys that are mixed together. For example, a one-ton mixture that is 40% alloy 1 and 60% alloy 2 has a tensile strength of 0.4(42,000) + 0.6(50,000). Use linear programming to determine how to minimize the cost of producing a ton of steel.
Problem 2
Carco Company has a $150,000 advertising budget. To increase automobile sales, the ?rm is considering advertising in newspapers and on television. The more Carco company uses a particular medium, the less effective is each additional ad. Table 50 shows the number of new customers reached by each ad. Each newspaper ad costs $1,000, and each television ad costs $10,000. At most, 30 newspaper ads and 15 television ads can be placed. How can Carco maximize the number of new customers created by advertising?
TABLE 50
Number of Ads New Customers
Newspaper 1–10 900
11–20 600
21–30 300
Television 1–5 10,000
6–10 5,000
11–15 2,000
Problem 3
Juiceco manufactures two products: premium orange juice and regular orange juice. Both products are made by combining two types of oranges: grade 6 and grade 3. The oranges in premium juice must have an average grade of at least 5, those in regular juice, at least 4. During each of the next two months Juiceco can sell up to 1,000 gallons of premium juice and up to 2,000 gallons of regular juice. Premium juice sells for $1.00 per gallon, while regular juice sells for 80¢ per gallon. At the beginning of month 1, Juiceco has 3,000 gallons of grade 6 oranges and 2,000 gallons of grade 3 oranges. At the beginning of month 2, Juiceco may purchase additional grade 3 oranges for 40¢ per gallon and additional grade 6 oranges for 60¢ per gallon. Juice spoils at the end of the month, so it makes no sense to make extra juice during month 1 in the hopes of using it to meet month 2 demand. Oranges left at the end of month 1 may be used to produce juice for month 2. At the end of month 1 a holding cost of 5¢ is assessed against each gallon of leftover grade 3 oranges, and 10¢ against each gallon of leftover grade 6 oranges. In addition to the cost of the oranges, it costs 10¢ to produce each gallon of (regular or premium) juice. Formulate an LP that could be used to maximize the profit? (revenues costs) earned by Juiceco during the next two months.
