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1. (TCO 1) The idea that depression is influenced by genetics, and neurotransmitters, learned responses and thinking patterns, and socioeconomic status and culture represents the _____ model of psychology. (Points : 5)
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[removed] psychiatric
[removed] evolutionary
[removed] biopsychosocial
[removed] eclectic
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Question 2. 2. (TCO 2) In a case study, a researcher is most likely to _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] interview many research subjects who have a single problem or disorder
[removed] conduct an in-depth study of a single research participant
[removed] choose and investigate a single topic
[removed] All of the above
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Question 3. 3. (TCO 3) This neurotransmitter’s major role is to inhibit neural transmissions in the central nervous system. (Points : 5)
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[removed] Acetylcholine
[removed] Dopamine
[removed] GABA
[removed] Norepinephrine
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Question 4. 4. (TCO 3) What is a small structure that maintains homeostasis and regulates emotions and drives such as hunger, thirst, sex, and aggression? (Points : 5)
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[removed] Hypothalamus
[removed] Hippocampus
[removed] Pituitary gland
[removed] Thalamus
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Question 5. 5. (TCO 4) When we organize patterns in order to perceive an entire stimulus, rather than just its parts, we are using _____ principle of perception. (Points : 5)
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[removed] the wholistic
[removed] Wundt’s
[removed] the Gestalt
[removed] the closure
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Question 6. 6. (TCO 4) In the Ames room, people appear to grow larger or smaller as they walk from one side of the room to the other because (Points : 5)
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[removed] retinal disparity occurs.
[removed] accommodation cannot be determined without movement by the people.
[removed] people’s expectations of the room being square in shape are violated.
[removed] there is a lack of reference cues to judge the height of people.
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Question 7. 7. (TCO 5) Biological rhythms that occur on a daily basis are called _____ rhythms. (Points : 5)
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[removed] circuitous
[removed] chronobiology
[removed] calendrical
[removed] circadian
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Question 8. 8. (TCO 5) REM sleep is also called _____ because the brain is aroused and active while the person remains nonresponsive and asleep. (Points : 5)
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[removed] pseudo-sleep
[removed] paradoxical sleep
[removed] hypnogogic sleep
[removed] transitional sleep
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Question 9. 9. (TCO 5) Psychoactive drugs can _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] alter the production of neurotransmitters
[removed] can alter the transmissions between neuropeptides
[removed] prevent or mimic the reception of neurotransmitters on the next neuron
[removed] A and C
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Question 10. 10. (TCO 6) In Selye’s general adaptation syndrome theory of stress, the initial response of the autonomic nervous system to a stressor occurs in the _____ phase. (Points : 5)
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[removed] resistance
[removed] primary response
[removed] global responsiveness
[removed] alarm reaction
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Question 11. 11. (TCO 6) Hardiness is _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] based on genetics
[removed] learned
[removed] undesirable
[removed] positively correlated with cancer and heart disease
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Question 12. 12. (TCO 6) People with cynical hostility have more interpersonal conflicts that can lead to _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] an increase in autonomic activation
[removed] a decrease in autonomic activation
[removed] an increase risk of cardiovascular disease
[removed] A and C
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Question 13. 13. (TCO 7) A previously neutral stimulus that, through repeated pairings with an unconditioned stimulus, produces a conditioned response is now called a(n) _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] conditioned stimulus
[removed] primary reinforcer
[removed] secondary reinforcer
[removed] classical stimulus
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Question 14. 14. (TCO 7) The addition of a(n) _____ stimulus results in positive reinforcement; whereas the subtraction of a(n) _____ stimulus results in negative reinforcement. (Points : 5)
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[removed] desirable; painful or annoying
[removed] primary; secondary
[removed] operant; classical
[removed] higher order; lower order
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Question 15. 15. (TCO 8) Your textbook suggests that you should develop _____ in order to better learn the material in this course. (Points : 5)
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[removed] hierarchies
[removed] artificial concepts
[removed] natural concepts
[removed] prototypes
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MC 2 of 2
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Question 1. 1. (TCO 8) Which of the following did Robert Sternberg emphasize in his triarchic theory of intelligence? (Points : 5)
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[removed] Process rather than product
[removed] Application of mental abilities to real-life situations
[removed] Kinesthetic abilities
[removed] Both A and B
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Question 2. 2. (TCO 9) Low levels of arousal lead to _____ and high levels of arousal lead to _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] reduced behavior efficiency; reduced behavior efficiency
[removed] increased behavior efficiency; reduced behavior efficiency
[removed] increased behavior efficiency; increased behavior efficiency
[removed] reduced behavior efficiency; increased behavior efficiency
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Question 3. 3. (TCO 9) Which of the following is not true of a person who is high in nAch? (Points : 5)
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[removed] They are not concerned with feedback about their performance.
[removed] They like moderately difficult tasks.
[removed] They take responsibility for their actions.
[removed] They do better in their professions.
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Question 4. 4. (TCO 10) Which one of these factors does not endanger the prenatal infant? (Points : 5)
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[removed] Malnutrition
[removed] Paternal factors
[removed] Stress Factors
[removed] Maternal Factors
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Question 5. 5. (TCO 10) _____ occurs when existing schemas are used to interpret new information, whereas _____ involves changes and adaptations to existing schemas to make sense of new information. (Points : 5)
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[removed] Adaptation; accommodation
[removed] Adaptation; reversibility
[removed] Egocentrism; postschematization
[removed] Assimilation; accommodation
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Question 6. 6. (TCO 10) What conclusions can be drawn from infant-attachment and adult relationship studies? (Points : 5)
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[removed] Poor attachment in infancy causes poor adult relationships.
[removed] Early attachment is likely to predict adult relationship styles.
[removed] Infant attachment determines adult relationship patterns.
[removed] Attachment is unlikely to predict adult relationship styles.
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Question 7. 7. (TCO 10) In Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, the establishment of a personal identity is dependent upon resolving which of the following prior challenges? (Points : 5)
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[removed] Generativity versus stagnation
[removed] Ego integrity versus despair
[removed] Autonomy versus shame and doubt
[removed] Intimacy versus isolation
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Question 8. 8. (TCO 11) The part of the psyche that Freud thought was the reservoir of mental energy is the _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] unconscious
[removed] preconscious
[removed] id
[removed] ego
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Question 9. 9. (TCO 11) Rogers thought that _____ is necessary for a child’s uniqueness and positive self-concept to unfold naturally. (Points : 5)
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[removed] permissive parenting
[removed] a challenging environment
[removed] unconditional positive regard
[removed] a friendly neighborhood
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Question 10. 10. (TCO 12) Lola has not been able to control her worries for the last 6 months, and complains of insomnia and headaches. It is likely that Lola has _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] panic attacks
[removed] generalized anxiety disorder
[removed] obsessive-compulsive disorder
[removed] hysteria
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Question 11. 11. (TCO 12) Brenda has been up for days, and forgot to pay the rent but is handing out money to the homeless in frigid temperatures. When a police officer tries to talk to her about why she is wearing only a thin t-shirt and pajamas in the cold, she rapidly answers, but her thoughts are flying from one idea to another. The police officer would be correct in suspecting that Brenda has _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] drug-induced multiple personalities
[removed] a personality disorder
[removed] a bipolar disorder
[removed] hypothermic shock
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Question 12. 12. (TCO 12) Ellis’ therapy emphasizes _____ irrational beliefs, which cause changes in maladaptive emotions. (Points : 5)
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[removed] identifying
[removed] uncovering
[removed] disputing
[removed] revealing
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Question 13. 13. (TCO 12) A client just reports to his therapist that he has cheated on his wife. The therapist refrains from making any character judgments about his patient. This represents _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] active listening
[removed] unconditional positive regard
[removed] genuineness
[removed] empathy
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Question 14. 14. (TCO 13) The tendency to focus on the most noticeable factors when explaining the cause of behavior is called the _____ bias. (Points : 5)
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[removed] obvious
[removed] just noticeable difference
[removed] saliency
[removed] pseudo-reality
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Question 15. 15. (TCO 13) Cognitive dissonance theory predicts that after Lamar bought a Yugo instead of a Ford, he would _____. (Points : 5)
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[removed] regret his decision
[removed] complain about the Ford features he couldn’t get with his Yugo
[removed] notice the problems with his Yugo that he ignored before
[removed] focus on the positive features of his Yugo
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Essays
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Question 1. 1. (TCO 7) Describe each of the following five theories of forgetting, and include examples to illustrate each one: decay theory, interference theory, motivated forgetting, encoding failure, and retrieval failure theory. (6 points each) (Points : 30)
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2. (TCO 9) (a) Describe the three main components of emotional intelligence, and (b) give an example of how each component is essential for successful interactions with others. (10 points each) (Points : 30)
3. (TCO 11) In your own words, (a) give an overview of humanistic psychology’s theory of personality (6 points). Also in your own words (b) describe and explain the humanistic terms self-concept, congruence, unconditional positive regard, and self-actualization. (6 points each) (Points : 30)
4. (TCO 12) (a) Define group therapies (5 points), and (b) describe three advantages of this kind of therapy (5 points). (c) Differentiate between group therapy, self-help groups and family therapy, and provide examples of when the latter two therapies are most effective. (10 points for the differentiation and 10 points for the examples) (Points : 30)
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Question 5. 5. (TCO 13) In your own words (a) define aggression (6 points), and (b) describe five biological factors (3 points each) and three psychosocial factors that may contribute to its expression. (3 points each) (Points : 30)
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